表语从句
位于连系动词之后、充当表语的从句,引导词包括 that、whether、连接代词/副词以及 as if、because 等。
一、核心规则
- 表语从句只跟在连系动词之后:be, look, seem, remain, appear, sound 等。
- 引导词有连词 that、whether,连接代词与连接副词,关系代词型 what,以及 as if / as though / because。
- whether 可引导表语从句,if 通常不能;这是与宾语从句的重要差异。
- that 引导表语从句时一般不省略,尤其在正式文体中。
- 主语为 suggestion、advice、idea、order、requirement 等表建议要求的名词时,表语从句用
(should) + 动词原形。 - 从句一律用陈述语序,由连接副词引导时 also 保持正常语序。
- 常见句型:
The reason is that…(不能说 The reason is because…)。
二、结构与公式
主语 + 连系动词 + that + 从句主语 + 连系动词 + whether + 从句主语 + 连系动词 + 连接代词/副词 + 从句The problem / question / trouble is + wh- 从句That's why…(那就是…的原因)/That's because…(那是因为…)- 虚拟形式:
My suggestion is that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形
三、典型例句
- The fact is that he doesn’t really try.(事实是他没有做真正的努力。)
- The question is whether the film is worth seeing.(问题是这部电影是否值得看。)
- The problem is who we can get to replace her.(问题是我们能找到谁去替换她。)
- That’s why he didn’t come.(这就是他没有来的缘故。)
- You are not who I thought you were.(你已不是我过去所想象的人。)
- My suggestion is that we should tell him.(我的建议是我们应该告诉他。)— 虚拟语气
四、易错点
- ✗ The question is if we can finish it today. → ✓ The question is whether we can finish it today. 原因:表语从句不用 if。
- ✗ The reason why he was late is because he missed the bus. → ✓ The reason … is that he missed the bus. 原因:The reason is that… 是固定搭配,避免 because 与 reason 语义重复。
- ✗ The problem is how can we find him. → ✓ The problem is how we can find him. 原因:表语从句用陈述语序。
- ✗ Your coat is still there you left it. → ✓ Your coat is still where you left it. 原因:此处 where 引导表语从句,不兼作定语从句。
五、高考考点
- 语法填空:连系动词后设空,从句缺成分填 what/who/how/when,不缺成分填 that。
- 单选:That’s why… 与 That’s because… 的区分是经典考点。
- 短文改错:表语从句中误用 if、误用疑问语序。
- 写作升级:用
The reason is that…、What matters is that…展开说明,是议论文常用结构(见 语法在写作中的升级用法)。
六、对比与延伸
七、来源
语法体系/英语语法网专栏/名词性从句/00242-表语从句用法详解(例句丰富).md语法体系/英语语法网专栏/名词性从句/00255-四组名词性从句引导词用法区别.md语法体系/英语语法网专栏/名词性从句/00254-学习名词性从句应注意的两个问题.md
作者:admin 创建时间:2026-09-11 18:05
最后编辑:admin 更新时间:2026-10-06 00:48
最后编辑:admin 更新时间:2026-10-06 00:48