which vs where

一句话判据：别先看先行词是不是地点名词，要看关系词在从句里充当什么成分——从句缺主语或宾语 → which（或 that）；从句主语宾语齐全、只缺地点状语 → where。检验法：把先行词塞回从句，能直接当主语/宾语 → 用 which；必须加 in/at/on 等介词才站得住 → 用 where。

一、对照表

二、例句对照

which（含”介词 + which”）： - This is the school in which I studied a few years ago.（这就是我几年前读书的学校。） - Let’s go to the concert, in which you will find much fun.（我们去听音乐会吧，在那里你会找到很大的乐趣。） - This is the school which I visited last year.（这就是我去年参观过的那所学校。）

where： - This is the school where I studied last year.（这就是我去年就读的学校。） - Do you know a shop where I can find sandals?（你知道哪家商店我能买到凉鞋吗？） - Is there a hospital around where I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?（附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我手上的伤？）

三、易错陷阱

• 母语干扰点（见地点名词就用 where）：✗ This is the school where I visited last year. → ✓ This is the school (that/which) I visited last year.（visited 缺宾语，须用关系代词）
• 母语干扰点（同一名词两种成分）：I will never forget the days when I lived in the country.（lived 不缺宾语，用 when）／I will never forget the days (that) I spent in the country.（spent 缺宾语，用 that）
• 母语干扰点（把副词误当介词）：✗ Is there a hospital around which I can get some medicine? → ✓ Is there a hospital around where I can get some medicine?（此处 around 是副词”在附近”，不是介词）
• 母语干扰点（滥用 how 作关系副词）：✗ This is the way how he spoke. → ✓ This is how he spoke. / This is the way (that, in which) he spoke.（how 不能作关系副词）

四、记忆口诀

地点时间名词不等于 where/when——从句缺主宾用 which/that，缺状语才用关系副词。

五、相关链接

定语从句、关系代词与关系副词、that vs which、状语从句、高考语法高频考点与命题陷阱

六、来源

• 语法体系/英语语法网专栏/定语从句/01608-时间或地点名词后一定要用where, when来引导定语从句吗.md
• 语法体系/英语语法网专栏/定语从句/00752-是around which还是around where.md
• 语法体系/英语语法网专栏/定语从句/00304-定语从句中关系副词的用法.md
• 语法体系/英语语法网专栏/定语从句/00064-英语关系副词用法说明.md